12. String Operations

• The basic operations are slicing, concatenation, and formatting.

• Slicing allows you to use part of a string

• Concatenation, in contrast, is used to join two or more strings

• Finally, formatting is used heavily when sending messages to the console and consists of using strings as templates where we can insert data

12.1. Concatenation

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12.2. Slicing

• We can perform the slicing operation using [start_index:end_index]

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• We can omit indices, replacing the corresponding index, and we can also have negative indices: -1 last, -2 penultimate

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12.3. Formatting

• Joining multiple strings is not always practical

• We can use placeholders to replace values within strings

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• The main placeholders are %d for integers, %s for strings, and %f for floating-point numbers

• % 03d complete with additional zeros

• % 3d means three positions without additional zeros

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• %5.2f means 5 characters in total and 2 decimals

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12.4. f-strings

• Another way to join strings is through f-strings

• Everything inside braces {} will be replaced if previously defined. In the example, .2f means two decimal places.

price = 10.123 print(f"The price is: ${price:.2f}")

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