12. String Operations

• The basic operations are slicing, concatenation, and formatting.

• Slicing allows you to use part of a string

• Concatenation, in contrast, is used to join two or more strings

• Finally, formatting is used heavily when sending messages to the console and consists of using strings as templates where we can insert data

12.1. Concatenation

Activity: CodeLens 12.1.1 (cl_l05_12a_en)

12.2. Slicing

• We can perform the slicing operation using [start_index:end_index]

Activity: CodeLens 12.2.1 (cl_l05_12b_en)

• We can omit indices, replacing the corresponding index, and we can also have negative indices: -1 last, -2 penultimate

Activity: CodeLens 12.2.2 (cl_l05_12c_en)

12.3. Formatting

• Joining multiple strings is not always practical

• We can use placeholders to replace values within strings

Activity: CodeLens 12.3.1 (cl_l05_12d_en)

• The main placeholders are %d for integers, %s for strings, and %f for floating-point numbers

• % 03d complete with additional zeros

• % 3d means three positions without additional zeros

Activity: CodeLens 12.3.2 (cl_l05_12e_en)

• %5.2f means 5 characters in total and 2 decimals

Activity: CodeLens 12.3.3 (cl_l05_12f_en)

12.4. f-strings

• Another way to join strings is through f-strings

• Everything inside braces {} will be replaced if previously defined. In the example, .2f means two decimal places.

System Message: ERROR/3 (/home/runner/work/PyZombis/PyZombis/_sources/lectures/TWP05/TWP05_12_en.rst, line 81)

Duplicate ID – see lectures/TWP05/TWP05_12, line 85

.. activecode:: ac_l05_12
   :nocodelens:
   :stdin:

   price = 10.123
   print(f"The price is: ${price:.2f}")

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